Stress Causes, Effects, And Treatments - 1429 Words

Stress: Causes, Effects, and Treatments INTRODUCTION Stress is a major component of people’s lives at some point or another. Stress is a state of mental and/or emotional tension as a result of demanding circumstances and events. Stress has an impact on humans physically and psychologically. There are different types of stress including: acute, episodic acute, and chronic. Acute is the most common form of stress and it only has temporary effects, episodic is a more frequent form of acute stress, and chronic is the most destructive. Individuals react to these forms of stress in many different ways. There are techniques for dealing with stress, however, not all are positive and healthy treatments. The brain and body follow a complex pathway in order for a person to respond to and feel stress. UNDERSTANDING THE STRESS RESPONSE Mental health experts from Harvard University conducted a study to understand the stress response better. Stressful situations can cause hormones to produce physiological changes. The heart-beat m ay increase, breathe may quicken, muscles may tense up, and sweat may appear. When a combination of these common reactions occur, one may be experiencing the â€Å"flight-or-fight† response because â€Å"it evolved as a survival mechanism, enabling people and other mammals to react quickly to life-threatening situations† (Understand Stress, 2011). The initial reaction to stress begins in the brain. â€Å"When someone confronts an oncoming car or other danger, the eyesShow MoreRelatedThe Second Anxiety Disorder ( Ocd ) Essay1594 Words   |  7 Pageslinked with panic disorder or phobias. Sometimes, a person’s reaction to stress can be so severe that they are incapacitated or immobilized by the anxiety. This is called anxiety neurosis. Anyone affected by this is unable to distinguish between threatening and nonthreatening situations, and thus responds irrationally and in extreme ways, or are completely debilitated (â€Å"Anxiety† par. 53). Other disorders linked with stress and anxiety include obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), dissociative disorderRead MoreGeneralized Anxiety Disorder ( Gad )999 Words   |  4 Pagesbiological origins such as heredity and biochemistry, as well as, ties to an individual’s cognitive development and socioeconomic environment (Cacioppo Fregberg, 2013). GAD’s potentially interwoven origin marks significant challenges for diagnosis and treatment. Patients often leave the opportunity for diagnosis of GAD to the primary caregiver (Roberge et al., 2015). 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PTSD screening is effective for being able to treat PTSD sooner andRead MoreStress And Cancer : Causes, Treatment, And Role Of Lifestyle Plays Essay1224 Words   |  5 PagesStress and Cancer Disorder; Causes, Treatment, and Role of lifestyle plays Background information Stress does not produce cancer, but it decreases or weaken the immune system, then a person not able to control or fight cancer disease. Cancer increases many psychological difficulties for the client’s family member, physicians, and other groups of the cancer care team. For example; parents of a child that diagnosed with cancer is very stressful than compared, who not diagnosed with cancer. ParentsRead MorePost-Traumatic Stress Disorder1630 Words   |  7 Pagesaccessing mental health services for the treatment of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder. Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) defined by DSM-IV-TR is â€Å"characterised by the re-experiencing of an extremely traumatic event accompanied by symptoms of increased arousal and by avoidance of stimuli associated with the trauma† (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 2000). There are many impacts and effects this disorder has on refugees requiring treatment, interventions, education and a need forRead MoreWar Is Gruesome, Violent, And Pure Death1609 Words   |  7 Pagesfrom Operation Iraqi Freedom suffer from posttraumatic stress disorder or PTSD. Veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder can be analyzed by the categories of causes, effects, and treatments. The first category to analyze for the veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder is the causes. Military personnel are under constant duress, especially while in a combat zone. The constant threat to their lives can be daunting and cause immense stress. 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Vertical Occupational Mobility of Labour and Organization Free Essays

Vertical Occupational mobility of labour and organizational commitment; Banking Sector of Pakistan ABSTRACT The study of my topic i. e. vertical occupational mobility of labour and Organizational commitment comes under Human Resource Management (HRM). We will write a custom essay sample on Vertical Occupational Mobility of Labour and Organization or any similar topic only for you Order Now HRM itself by its name describes that it is an approach of people working in an organization which play an important role in achieving organization’s objective. This subject area basically helps in managing workforce to acquire maximum efficiency. The Human Resources Management includes a variety of activities such as whether to use independent contractors or hire employees, recruitment, time management, workforce planning, training and development, performance appraisal etc. There are two type of labour mobility i. e. geographic and occupational mobility. Geographic mobility is defined as changes in location of workers across physical space which is further divided into two parts i. e. short distance and long distance moves. Occupational mobility is defined as changes in location of workers across asset of jobs. This research will help managers and policy makers to know how vertical occupational mobility and organizational commitment are related. This research will identify those factors which lead to vertical occupational mobility which then affects commitment of an employee with an organization. Before segmenting the labour market policy makers will have an idea before that what will be its effect to organizational commitment. STUDY OBJECTIVES 1. To test the proposition that wage gaps among employees within an organization affects task and technology of an organization and has significant/insignificant impact on organizational commitment. 2. To test the proposition that job performance of an employee plays an important role in organizational development (task and technology) and has significant/insignificant impact on organizational commitment. 3. To test the proposition that distributive justice affects organizational culture and has significant/insignificant impact on organizational commitment. 4. To test the proposition that Human Capital Investments affects the organizational strategy of an organization and has significant/insignificant impact on organizational commitment. 5. To test the proposition that mobility attitudes affects organizational behaviour of an organization and has significant/insignificant impact on organizational commitment. 6. To test the proposition that skills of an employee affects organizational development (task and technology) of an organization and has significant/insignificant impact on organizational commitment. LITERATURE REVIEW Occupational Mobility: â€Å"Occupational mobility is defined as the fraction of currently employed individuals who report a current occupation different from their most recent previous report† by Gueorgui Kambourov and Iourii Manovskii (2004). Nachum Sicherman amp; Oded Galor (1990) in their research describes occupational mobility as an important part of worker’s career. When a person has high experience he is likely to have occupational mobility within the organization in terms of promotion. Schooling plays an important role in upward occupational mobility. It also describes that when workers expect high probability of promotion in a firm and they are not promoted, mostly they quit the organization. Gender based Occupational Mobility Shirley Dex, Kelly Ward amp; Heather Joshi (2006), in their research on women’s place and their workings in labor market, indicates that downward occupational mobility of labor among women has decreased after their first child birth as compared with previous generations according to Women and Employment Survey (WES). Occupational and Geographical Labor Mobility Larry D. Schroeder. (1976) studies the interdependence between geographicaland occupational mobility using two data sets (samples). One data set is of maletaxpayers in Winconsin during the period 1947-59 which states that inter-country mobility and occupational mobility are not independent when age differences are accounted. The second data set is of 1970’s Census of Population which resulted that occupational mobility and inter-country mobility are not independent when accounted for different age and sex groups. Larry D. Schroeder. (1976) created an occupational mobility matrix by observing mobility patterns of non-movers and interstate movers of United States (observation period is five years or more), after which it was evident that occupational and geographic mobility are affiliated which each other. He further states that manpower planners must keep this relationship in mind when they project the responses to their strategies to stimulate occupational and inter-state mobility. Occupational Mobility and Wage Inequality Nachum Sicherman amp; Oded Galor (1990) states that if a wage profile difference across individuals in a firm is found workers will change their occupation or quit from that specific firm. Furthermore, Gueorgui Kambourov and Iourii Manovskii (2004) in their study indicate that occupational mobility and wage inequality are interrelated. They developed a general equilibrium model which resulted that increase in occupational mobility is 90% because of the significant increase in wage inequality over the time. RESEARCH DESIGN RESEARCH TYPE The type of this research is applied which means to undertake investigation to acquire new knowledge. Applied research is directed mainly towards a specific practical aim. This research is not carried out just for the sake of knowledge; it will also help to solve practical problems. In this case the research identifies the factors which lead to vertical occupational mobility in commercial banks of Pakistan in relation to employees’ commitment with the bank. DATA TYPE AND REFERENCE PERIOD Data type used in this research is primary in nature. Surveys through questionnaire will be carried out in form of personal interviews which will be attached with APPENDIX. This survey will be conducted at various managerial levels in different braches of various banks. These managerial levels include branch managers, floor managers, team managers, area sales managers, relationship manager, assistant managers, operation managers, processing officers etc. The banks in which this survey will be carried out are Dubai Islamic Bank, Standard Chartered Bank, ABN-AMRO, Faysal Bank, Muslim Commercial Bank, Bank of Punjab and Bank Alfalah Limited. The reference period of this survey will be April, 2010 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS 1. H0: To test the hypothesis that wage gaps among employees within an organization affects task and technology of an organization and has insignificant impact on organizational commitment (H0: ? 1 = 0) H1: To test the hypothesis that wage gaps among employees within an organization affect task and technology of an organization and have significant impact on organizational commitment (H1: ? 1 ? 0) 2. H0: To test the hypothesis that job performance of an employee plays an important role in organizational development (task and technology) and has insignificant impact on organizational commitment (H0: ? = 0) H1: To test the hypothesis that job performance of an employee plays an important role in organizational development (task and technology) and has significant impact on organizational commitment (H1: ? 2 ? 0) 3. H0: To test the hypothesis that distributive justice affects organizational culture and has insignificant impact on organizational commitment (H0: ? 3 = 0) H1: To test the hypo thesis that distributive justice affects organizational culture and has significant impact on organizational commitment (H1: ? 3 ? 0) 4. H0: To test the hypothesis that Human Capital Investments affects the organizational strategy of an organization and has insignificant impact on organizational commitment (H0: ? 4 = 0) H1: To test the hypothesis that Human Capital Investments affects the organizational strategy of an organization and has significant impact on organizational commitment (H1: ? 4 ? 0) 5. H0: To test the hypothesis that mobility attitudes affects organizational behaviour of an organization and has insignificant impact on organizational commitment (H0: ? = 0) H1: To test the hypothesis that mobility attitudes affect organizational behaviour of an organization and have significant impact on organizational commitment (H1: ? 5 ? 0) 6. H0: To test the hypothesis that that skills of an employee affects organizational development (task and technology) of an organization and has insignificant impact on organizational commitment (H0: ? 6 = 0) H1: To test the hypothesis that that skills of an employee affects organizational development (task and technology) of an organization and has significant impact on organizational commitment (H1: ? ? 0) CONCLUSION This research analyzes the relation between vertical occupational mobility and organizational commitment. The study will provide an additional dimension that vertical occupational mobility does not affect organizational commitment directly; organizational development is an intervening variable between them. Multiple linear regression and parametric test of significance (t-test) may be used as a tool to find out relationship between the variables i. e. vertical occupational mobility and organizational commitment. If the chance of getting promoted for an employee in a bank is high he is likely to be more committed to the bank. Finally, if the working conditions (job safety, peer pressure, internal environment of bank etc) in a bank are favourable employee will be more committed to the bank. DIRECTION FOR FURTHER RESEARCH Due to time constraint and limited resources sample size may be small and survey will conducted in banks of Lahore only. In further research other dimensions of vertical occupational mobility and organizational commitment will be discussed including the intervening variable between them i. . organizational development. Furthermore, survey will be carried out in all the banks of Pakistan which will enhance the result of our analysis. Future research may investigate the factors which lead to vertical occupational mobility in telecom sector of Pakistan in relation to commitment of an employee with the organization. The reason why i selected the Banks of Pakistan is, I have some p ersonal relations with some of the employers working in banks in Pakistan. So, collecting data would not be a problem for me. References: Gueorgui Kambourov and Iourii Manovskii. 2009). Occupational Mobility and Wage Inequality. Review of Economic Studies. 76 (2), 731-759. Nachum Sicherman amp; Oded Galor. (1990). A Theory of Career Mobility. The Journal of Political Economy. 98 (1), 169-192. Shirley Dex, Kelly Ward amp; Heather Joshi. (2006). Changes in Women’s Occupations and Occupational Mobility over 25 years. Women and Employment Survey. 1 (1), 18-24. Larry D. Schroeder. (1976). Interrelatedness of Occupational and Geographical Labor Mobility. Industrial and Labor Relations Review. 29 (3), 405-413. How to cite Vertical Occupational Mobility of Labour and Organization, Papers

Population Changes Implication For Economic â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Population Changes Implication For Economic? Answer: Introducation Management is the core area of a business, however; to achieve the business objectives it is important to make a proper management structure. Employees should work in a coordinated way to meet the organizational goal (Mendling et al., 2017). An integrating force is driven by the management to carry out the organizational activities. This study deals with the case study of Rock Paper Scissor, which is a popular hairdressing salon in Australia. However, this salon has started before 1 year and failed to achieve profit. After that, the Fadi and Fatima Khan the owner of this salon has won a national hairdressing competition, which is a big achievement of such organization. This salon offers the service seen days in a week to increase their sales. However, in the recent years, such salon has been facing some major problems. One of the most important is this salon has no mission or vision statement while the owner wants to make their business innovative. Therefore, no financial reporting is carried out on the monthly basis; as a result, the organization is unprofitable. On the other hand, the staffs of such salon are not time punctual and they provide free haircut to their friends by using the chemicals of such salon, which hampers the profitability of such salon. The owner is not able to gather the customer satisfaction data, as a result, they fail to identify the reasons for which the existing customers are unhappy. It is important for an organization to collect the feedback from their customers regarding the service (Haddow, Bullock Coppola, 2017). There is lack of tools to measure the employee performance, which affects the business of this organiza tion as well as their profitability. Proper management of the financial report: In order to gain profit in a business it is important for Rock Paper Scissors to manage their financial report on the monthly basis by collecting the bank statement, sales record, and customer data. This will be helpful for such organization to increase their profit as this enables them to measure their profit and loss on the monthly basis. Development of mission and vision statement: Establishment of the specific mission and the vision this salon can improve their strategic planning. This will enable the owner to be more innovative in their business. Analysis of the customer feedbacks: Collecting feedback from the customers will be an effective practice for Rock Paper salon. They can collect the customer feedback via online by creating their company website. This will be helping them to retain their existing customers by meeting their current demand. Performance measurement of staffs: Performance measurement can be effective for such organization to increase the efficiency of the staff. For this purpose, use of benchmarking based on the annual performance of the staff will be beneficial to measure the efficiency of the staff. Management concepts, theories, and principles Management concept refers to the proper management of a business including staff management, financial management and customer management (Winata, 2017). In the context of Rock Paper salon, they have been facing several issues in their business one of the most important is the staff management and financial resource management. Effective delegation is required for such business. In order to overcome the present issues establishment of the mission and vision is crucial for such organization. The manager of a small business like salon needs to focus on the personnel management. marketing have to satisfy their customers by resolving their service related issues. Planning, organizing, directing and controlling are the four parts of business management (Lapoule Colla, 2016). In the context of Rock Paper salon, it is important for them to understand the concept of management and to carry out their business operation. In order to achieve the profitability, it is important for Rock Paper sa lon to develop strategic planning and organize it properly. After the organization directing and controlling of the strategic planning is essential. Management theory Goal setting theory is one of the most important management theories that is applied by the business organizations to meet the business objectives (Latham, Brcic Steinhauer, 2017). Based on the subsequent performance the organization sets their business goal and this is the key principle of the goal-setting theory. An organization gets success by setting difficult goals rather than setting the easy goal. However, the goal should be clear and specific for the organization. On the other hand, realistic and challenging goal leads the organization to achieve greater outcomes from their planning (Neubert Dyck, 2016). Clarity, challenge, commitment, feedback and task complexity are the five principles of goal setting theory. In the context of Rock Paper Scissor, they have not any specific goal or mission. As a result, their financial status of the business is not good. Hence, for this organization a clear and measurable goal is required to lead their business to survive in the competitive market. Challenges are related with the goal hence, for this salon, it is vital to take the challenges to achieve the success. Commitment is another part of goal setting theory that enables this organization to share their goals with their staffs. Therefore, the organizations can collect feedback from the customers by following such goal-setting theory. On the other hand, the employees need to be sure to overcome the task complexity (Latham, 2016). In order to set the goal, the owner of Paper salon needs to arrange a meeting and ask the supervisor to set the goal. Then the supervisor will set the goal and tie it with the work unit of Salon. Then the staff is involved in goal setting and reward will be provided to the st aff based on their performance. After that, the specific areas are highlighted and feedback should be collected to measure the efficiency of the goal Management Principle According to the management principle, leaders are the critical part to gain success in a business. In the context of Rock Paper salon, it is important for them to develop their leadership skills to maximize the staff performance. An effective leader includes good communication skills in order to communicate with the employees (Schaltegger, Burritt Petersen) However, Rock paper salon has been facing poor profitability and staff performance. For an organization, it is vital to measure the performance of the employees and to motivate them to their work (Christopher, Laasch Roberts, 2016). In order to motivate the employees and make them punctual, an effective leader needs to establish an effective communication with them. Therefore, the leader needs to encourage their employees in their work to maximize the business profitability (Jesuno, Torres Teixeira, 2016). In the context of Rock Paper salon, the employees are not punctual and demotivated. For this purpose, the leader in this o rganization requires motivation. On the other hand, leaders of such salon need to be creative and trustworthy to enhance the profitability of the organization. However, the owner of Rock Paper salon is not able to collect feedbacks from their existing customers regarding their demand. Hence, the establishment of effective leadership the owner of such salon is able to deliver useful product information and collect feedback from them. Model of management Competing values framework is a vital model of the management that is associated with the organizational focus (Lindquist et al., 2016). However, it is crucial for an assignment to be adaptable, flexible and controlled while establishing and organizing any specific objectives. In the context of Rock Paper salon to control their business application of competing value frame model is important. This model includes four quadrants with two dimension forms. Each quadrant consists of a major model. Human relation model is the first model that leaves the special emphasis on the organizational flexibility and human resource development (Newton Mazur, 2016). In the context of Rock Paper salon, this organization can control their business operation by maximizing their flexibility and developing the human resources. Therefore, the open system model is another model of quadrants that focuses on the flexibility and the resource acquisition. However, for the Rock Paper resource acquisition will b e helpful for them to control the financial status of their business. Rational goal model focuses on the goal setting and planning to implement the goal (Wiersma, 2017). This will enable such operations to enhance their efficiency and staff performance. Next, the internal process model includes internal focus, stability, and communication and information management. This will help Rock Paper salon to make their organization more stable and establish an effective communication with their staffs. However, by the application of competing values framework, Rock Paper will be able to control their business planning and business operation. External environmental factors that affecting Rock Paper Scissors salon Several external factors are associated with the business of Rock Paper Scissors salon. Hence, the pestle analysis will be effective to understand the external environmental factors. Australian political environment is stable, which is essential for a business to run in this country (Gray, Harymawan Nowland, 2016). However, Rock paper is an Australian hairdressing salon thus stable political environment of such country enables this organization to get a good market to carry out their business without any legal obstruction. However, the stable political business environment makes a smooth way for any business in this country. Economic factor Australia has high GDP in the recent years that brings opportunity for the investor in this country (Uddin, 2016). On the other hand, the property prices are high in Australia, which may affect the business. In the context of Rock Paper salon, it is a small business and unprofitable. Thus high property price may affect the business of such organization, as it is difficult for this organization to establish their store in a high traffic area. However, it is important for the business to establish their business in the populated area. In Australia, the high traffic areas are Brisbane and Perth where the property price is high. Thus, it is hard for Rock Paper salon to buy properties to expand their business, as it is a startup business. Social factor Upper class, middle class, and the working class are the three main categories of the social life in Australia (Ma, Kent Mulley, 2016). However, people are faster in their life. Demand is changing in the market. Hence, such changing demand in Australian market will give an opportunity for Rock Paper salon to innovate new service in their business. People are more advanced and sensitive to their look. This big factor leads this hairdressing organization to expand their business in the Australian market. Technological environment New technology is involved in creating new service or product. Australia is technologically advanced. Australian science and technology support the emerging technology in Australia (Boer Gruber, 2017). The owner of Rock Paper wants to be innovative. Hence, utilization of the modern technology will lead this organization to improve the service quality, reduce the cost and make the business more innovative. The Australian government provides support to the research and development institutes of Australia that is helpful for the organization. Legal factor Maintenance of the legal laws in Australia is important to carry out a business in Australia without any legal issues (Allen, 2017). On the other hand, legal changes in Australia may affect the business of Rock Paper salon. As a result, they may force to change their operation process. Environmental norms Environmental laws should be followed properly by the organization in order to get the environmental sustainability (Giacalone Rosenfeld, 2013). In Australia Rock Paper salon needs to follow Environmental Protection Act 1974 to maintain the sustainable development. Contemporary management challenges Political environment often resists the business organization to innovate new things. However, according to the changing demands of the customers, the hairdressing salons need to keep with the modern trend. For this purpose, they innovate new things in their business (Wilkinson, Wood Demirbag, 2014). This is often restricted by the government rule of Australia in context of Rock Paper salon. Another management challenge is to compete with the large and popular brand. However, the staffs are not efficient in Rock Paper salon thus it is difficult for them to compete with the rival organization in the Australian market. On the other hand, the staffs are demotivated in this organization that may cause the high turnover of the employees. However, often the employees are not able to cope with the emerging technology as a result they demotivated and leave their job (Giacalone Rosenfeld, 2013). Retention of the existing clients and searching the new customers is another major issue of the management system of Rock Paper salon. However, it is often difficult for such organization to flexible with the growing demand of the people and to satisfy them, which affect the business. Conclusion The entire piece of study focuses on the management process of the Rock Paper Scissor. However, this is a startup organization with low profitability. This organization has no specific mission or vision that is the major weakness of such organization. However, there is no financial statement on monthly basis, which affects the economy of the organization. Therefore, the staff does not follow the discipline that affects the profitability of the organization. It has been found that existing customers of such organization are not happy and the owner is not able to understand the current demand of the customers. For this purpose, the feedback collection from the customer is necessary. However, effective leadership is crucial for this salon to improve their staff performance. Therefore, competing values framework and goal setting theory are applicable in this situation as these are beneficial for this organization to plan, organize and control their business. It is important for Rock Pape r salon to measure their employee performance to understand the position of their organization. On the other hand, the external factors like political, economic, environmental, legal and technological are also addressed in this study. The stable political environment of Australia gives the opportunity to such organization to enhance their business in this country. On the other hand, the high price of the property in Australia affect the business of such organization, as it is a small business thus expanding high cost in establishing the store in high traffic area may affect the profitability. Recommendations It is recommended for the Rock Paper salon: To chose an ideal location for the business: However, it is important for the salon to establish their store in high traffic area to gather customers. In the context of Rock Paper salon selection of the proper area will be helpful for their business to enhance the customer numbers. To adopt performance measurement tool: It is important for the Rock paper salon to measure their staff performance level to understand their ability and efficiency within the organization. Hence, use of performance, appraisal and benchmarking are effective to identify the efficiency of the employees. Recruit high quality and effective employees: Rock Paper has been suffering from poor profitability thus recruiting high-quality staff who have experience will be beneficial for such organization to improve the business performance. To implement high-quality service: Providing quality service is essential for an organization to improve the image of the brand. For Rock paper, it is crucial for them to improve the quality of the service to satisfy their customers. References Allen, B. (2017).Constituting the Australian environment: the transition of political responsibility for the environment in Australia from state to federal government, 1974-1983(Doctoral dissertation, University of British Columbia). Boer, B., Gruber, S. (2017). Legal Frameworks for World Heritage and Human Rights in Australia. Christopher, E., Laasch, O., Roberts, J. (2016). New approaches to introduction to management courses.Journal of Management Education,40(3), 359-361. Giacalone, R. A., Rosenfeld, P. (Eds.). (2013).Impression management in the organization. Psychology Press. Gray, S., Harymawan, I., Nowland, J. (2016). Political and government connections on corporate boards in Australia: Good for business?.Australian Journal of Management,41(1), 3-26. Haddow, G., Bullock, J., Coppola, D. P. (2017).Introduction to emergency management. Butterworth-Heinemann. Jesuno, J. C., Torres, C. V., Teixeira, M. L. M. (2016). Theoretical and methodological advances in human values and management: an introduction to the forum. Lapoule, P., Colla, E. (2016). The multi-channel impact on the sales forces management.International Journal of Retail Distribution Management,44(3), 248-265. Latham, G. P. (2016). Goal setting: a possible theoretical framework for examining the effect of priming goals on organizational behavior.Current Opinion in Psychology,12, 85-88. Latham, G. P., Brcic, J., Steinhauer, A. (2017). Toward an Integration of Goal Setting Theory and the Automaticity Model.Applied Psychology,66(1), 25-48. Lindquist, E., Lindquist, E., Marcy, R., Marcy, R. (2016). The competing values framework: Implications for strategic leadership, change and learning in public organizations.International Journal of Public Leadership,12(2), 167-186. Ma, L., Kent, J. L., Mulley, C. (2016, September). Transport disadvantage, social exclusion and subjective wellbeing: the role of built environment. Evidence from Sydney, Australia. InAustralasian Transport Research Forum (ATRF), 38th, 2016, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Mendling, J., Baesens, B., Bernstein, A., Fellmann, M. (2017). Challenges of smart business process management: An introduction to the special issue. Neubert, M. J., Dyck, B. (2016). Developing sustainable management theory: goal-setting theory based in virtue.Management Decision,54(2), 304-320. Newton, C. J., Mazur, A. K. (2016). Value congruence and job-related attitudes in a nonprofit organization: a competing values approach.The International Journal of Human Resource Management,27(10), 1013-1033. Schaltegger, S., Burritt, R., Petersen, H. (2017).An introduction to corporate environmental management: Striving for sustainability. Routledge. Uddin, G. A. (2016).Population changes and implications for economic growth and the environment in Australia(Doctoral dissertation, University of Southern Queensland). Wiersma, B. D. (2017).Project Portfolio Management and its Effect on Organizational Culture through the Competing Values Framework(Doctoral dissertation, Liberty University). Wilkinson, A., Wood, G., Demirbag, M. (2014). Guest editors introduction: People management and emerging market multinationals.Human Resource Management,53(6), 835-849. Winata, L. L. (2017). Usulan perancangan sistem Customer Relationship Management (CRM) di Salon X Cirebon dengan metode CRM-IRIS.

Toulouse Lautrec free essay sample

Journal of Suzanne Valadon, model and apprentice of Henry Toulouse-Lautrec. pans, July 25 1889 Its a calm Sunday afternoon. I Just woke up next to Toulouse. Hes still snoring, probably due to the large amount of alcohol he had last night. Absinthe in abundance in the crazy bohemian Parisians nights. Toulouse always drinks too much, no one realizes because everyone enjoys drinking every night but I can see hes not far from being an alcoholic. Its going to kill him someday. He had that funny walk when we got home, he looks as a child, with his short height, staggering from left to ight. I know its a subject he doesnt usually talks about, his height. I heard the story from someone at a table one night. He was 14, no 13, when his accident happened. After fracturing his thighbone, the break didnt heal properly and his legs stopped growing, meanwhile the rest of his body kept a normal size. We will write a custom essay sample on Toulouse Lautrec or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page During his convalescence period he got pushed by his mother to paint and draw. He didnt spend time with children his age but rather develop his art skills. Anyhow Toulouse never had a good health maybe its because of his origins. He confessed that he came, from an aristocrat family keeping marriage among them. Incest never turns out good. Toulouse has a certain fascination for brothels. We hadnt seen each other for a week now because he was in one of them. This place of sexual enjoyment is its little shelter; he enjoys the environment of love and pleasures. He has become very close to all the prostitutes; he has started to gain their trust. He stays days and nights, watching and painting the females lifestyle in the house, especially in their intimate moments. Women have become one of his favorites subject in his work. Also Toulouse began to work on posters for the cabaret the Moulin Rouge. I always see him with a toothbrush in his pocket to splat on the lithographic stone to produce tonal effects. I am always captivated when I watch him work doing lithography. I see him starting from scratches; he never has a sketch but instead starts directly on the lithographic stone from memory. Yesterday he was doing a poster called Le Goulue au Moulin Rouge, He did different patterns with flat planes placing Valentine the oneless one in the middle, this really flexible dancer. I like how simple and expressive the poster was, keeping a very communicative form. He created a new style, inspired by the Japanese art principally. Japanese art became in vogue in Paris. It has been 35 years that Japan re-opened its trade and they would send porcelains, woodcuts, and screens. Then in the 1960s, ukiyo-e, Japanese wood prints, became popular and originated an inspiration for many artists that I know. When we go out to le Chat Noir Night Club, we get some drinks share some laughs. There are moments when we dont hear Toulouse anymore. He is sketching the scenes; part of the bohemian lifestyle is to incorporate your art in your everyday life. He was very good at capturing moments and people. He would draw the crowd scenes focusing on one or two fgures. Hes always very detached in his paintings but keeps a compassionate ee e Chat Noir Night Club is also a place where he gathered with artists. They like to collaborate and exchange their views. I often hear him talk to Th ©ophile-Alexandre Steinlen and Georges Auriol. Steinlen and Toulouse have a very similar style, and there is a constant rivalry between them for certain commissions. When I see Toulouse frustrated chugging some absinthe I know they Just argued before. However I appreciate Steinleins company; he showed me his new poster for le Chat Noir with beautiful cat illustrations. I admire Toulouse, his wide variety of paintings, drawings, etchings, lithographs, and posters, as well as illustrations for various contemporary newspapers are mind-blowing. Many artists inspire him and he inspires many. What I like the most is that he incorporates the styles of contemporary artists like the painters Edgar Degas and Paul Gauguin. The Japanese art is becoming very trendy and I can see its impact on his work on many elements as sharp delineation, oblique angles, flat areas of color and asymmetric composition. I hope he wont sleep all day. He is supposed to teach me painting today. I am very grateful for everything he did for me. He taught me his techniques, how he applies the paint in long, with thinbrushtrokes and also his use vibrant colors. I think Ill wake him up soon.

Nelson Mandela, Autobiography Book

Nelson Mandela, Autobiography Book Introduction The book titled ‘Mandela: The Authorized bibliography’ was written by Sampson Anthony. The book was published by Knopf Doubleday Publishing group and was copyrighted in 2012, and the exclusive copyright belongs to the writer of the book who is Sampson Anthony.Advertising We will write a custom book review sample on Nelson Mandela, Autobiography Book specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In his book, the writer talks about Nelson Mandela early childhood life, and the struggle he underwent through until he became the president of the republic of South Africa. He talks about Mandelas prison life, education and the fight for independence and freedom in South Africa. He also talks about his release from the prison, and how he led various South Africans to attain independence. Discussion In his book, the writer portrays Nelson Mandela as having various leadership characteristics and attributes. The writer discusses seve ral leadership skills and techniques that Mandela applied in order to obtain freedom in South Africa. The leadership styles discussed in the book include the following leadership skills: Courage is not the absence of fear Mandela states that most leaders have faced down fear, but it is during times of stress that the mettle of leadership is tested; this means maintaining the momentum in tough times, or, as Mandela explains, sometimes you must put up a front (Sampson, 2012). A leader is that person who takes the initiative and is courageous enough to confront hard situations (Sampson, 2012).Advertising Looking for book review on biography? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Lead from the front Mandela was always objective about his goals and used all the techniques that could help him achieve the objective it. In all his undertakings, he ensured that he did not leave his base behind. Richard Stengel describes Nelson Mand ela as a historical man. Mandela life in prison shaped his view about the leadership concept, where he viewed leaders as people who should lead by example. Mandela was a fore thinker who projected his thoughts in the future, he focused on the long term objectives and not short term objectives. Lead from the back The concept of leading from the back is contradictory from the concept of leading from the front. Mandela states that there come times when a leader has to lead from the back. Suck an analogy is underpinned by the fact that the same way cattle are led from behind, individuals can also be led from behind too. Know your enemy Mandela states that the best way to lead is to know your enemy and identify their strongest and weakest points. Mandela states that understanding your opponent weakest and strongest point will assist an individual to come to a common ground in times of a conflict. Mandela also points out that communication is also an important aspect in a leader. A leader should communicate effectively and efficiently in order to ensure that leadership is transparent and accountable. Keep your friends close Mandela states that another good leadership principle is to put your friends closer, and put your enemies even closer.Advertising We will write a custom book review sample on Nelson Mandela, Autobiography Book specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Mandela states that, in order for an individual to lead well, there should a distinct boundary for friendship ties. Friendship ties should not in one way or the other influence the decisions a leader makes. Appearances matter Mandela states that the appearance of a leader really matters. How a leader present themselves both physically and the verbal approach is important. Leaders should be smart, and should a sense of public opinion that is beyond reproach. Mandela states that the little things we do greatly define our public image. For example, how we treat other people, how we greet other people are some of the things that define our leadership skills in the public domain. Nothing is black or white According to Sampson (2012), Mandela states that, at one point in time, leaders are always presented with two options to choose from. Mandela states that, as a leader, an individual should consider the outcomes of the circumstance and not the tactics to be used in addressing the issue. To quit is to lead Mandela states that leaders should always back from poor performing projects. Mandela notes that not all the decisions made by leaders will be successful, and the best way to lead such situations is to take a step backwards (Sampson, 2012). Mandela notes that, in order to win in some cases, and then leaders must concede to win. The fastest way to win is by taking a step backwards and coming out more energized and goal oriented. The above leadership qualities and characteristics had nelson Mandela to be one of the greatest leader the world h as ever experienced. Mandela was determined and focussed towards achieving a goal, which was that of liberating the South Africans from Apartheid.Advertising Looking for book review on biography? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More He led with wisdom, and always embraced dialogue in time of conflicts. The above leadership skills and techniques also ensured that, Nelson Mandela led by example while, at the same time, ensuring that others follow in the same path as he did. The above leadership skills to large extent helped the former South African leader to economically steer the country through the peaceful co-existence of people belonging to different races. For example, during his release from prison, Mandela gave a press conference regarding his release. People expected that he would hate the whites who had imprisoned him, but Mandela did not express any hate sentiments towards the whites. Instead, he embraced dialogue and concession with his enemies. This is evident in the manner the leader made some negotiations with the white to form the South African government. Major Crisis The major crisis that Nelson Mandela encountered is the problem of solving the crisis that was being experienced in Nigeria. The cr isis was caused by the annulment of the Nigeria election in June 1993. After the annulment of the election, the General Sani Abacha of Nigeria arrested various political leaders and commanded for their execution. Abacha later executed nine political opponents from the ogoni community including the prolific writer, Ken saro-wiwa. Leadership approach Mandela sought to use the quiet diplomacy method of leadership and solving conflicts. Mandela sent Archbishop Desmond Tutu, and the deputy president Thabo Mbeki to go to Nigeria and lobby for the release of Obasanjo, and several other people who had been detained by the General Sani Abacha (Sampson, 2012). The methodology failed, and Mandela was left with the option of lobbying for support from the Commonwealth of Nations. As a leader, the situation could have been handled by lobbying for the international criminal court to arrest and issue a warranty of arrest for the General Sani Abacha for political crimes and human rights abuses. Conc lusion In conclusion, the above leadership skills, techniques and methods are good and will always make individuals to be good leaders. However, in order to effectively be a good leader, an individual should use the appropriate leadership technique in the appropriate environment. Reference List Sampson, A. (2012). Mandela: The authorized Biography. New York: Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group.

How to Cut out the Clutter in Professional Writing

How to Cut out the Clutter in Professional Writing What we take out of our writing can be just as important as what we put in. Here well apply some key editing strategies for cutting out needless wordsdeadwood that only bores, distracts, or confuses our readers. First, Review Tips to Cut the Clutter Before starting this exercise, you may want to review the ten points introduced in Tips to Cut the Clutter and More Ways to Cut the Clutter: Reduce long clauses to shorter phrases.Reduce phrases to single words.Avoid There is, There are, and There were as sentence openers.Dont overwork modifiers.Avoid redundancies.Use active verbs.Dont try to show off.Cut empty phrases.Avoid using noun forms of verbs.Replace vague nouns with more specific words. Practice Cutting the Clutter Now, lets put this advice to work. The sentences below contain unnecessary words. Without eliminating any essential information, revise each sentence to make it more concise. When youre done, compare your revisions with the shortened sentences below them. In the cellar there are four wooden-type crates with nothing in them that might perhaps be used by us for storing paint cans inside of.This morning at 6:30 a.m., I woke up out of sleep to hear my alarm go off, but the alarm was turned off by me, and I returned back to a sleeping state.The reason that Merdine was not able to be in attendance at the hockey game was because she had jury duty.Omar and I, we returned back to the hometown where we both grew up to attend a reunion of the people that we went to high school with ten years ago in the past.Melba has designed a very unique kind of shirt that is made out of a polyester type of material that never creases into wrinkles when it rains and the shirt gets wet.She used her money to purchase a large-type desk made of mahogany wood that is dark brown in color and handsome to look at.In view of the fact that it was raining down, orders were given that the game be canceled.At that point in time when Marie was a teenager the basic fundament als of how to dance were first learned by her. Some sort of identification that would show how old we were was requested of us by the man that collects tickets from people at the movie theater.There is a possibility that one of the causes of so many teenagers running away from home is the fact that many of them have indifferent parents who dont really care about them. Here are edited versions of the sentences in  Practice in Cutting the Clutter. We could store the paint cans in the four wooden crates in the cellar.I awoke this morning at 6:30 but then turned off the alarm and went back to sleep.Because she had jury duty, Merdine was not at the hockey game.Omar and I returned to our hometown to attend our ten-year high school reunion.Melba has designed a polyester shirt that never creases when wet.She purchased a large, handsome-looking mahogany desk.The game was canceled because of rain.Marie learned how to dance when she was a teenager.The ticket collector at the movie theater asked us for identification.Perhaps one reason that so many teenagers run away from home is that their parents dont care about them.

Victor Moritz Goldschmidt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Victor Moritz Goldschmidt - Essay Example The family had a history of scientists and philosophers from Victor's fathers and mother's side. In 1914, he became the Professor and Director at Mineralogical Institute of Oslo, when he was offered this position. He worked in this position till 1929. After this he moved to Gttingen. The first important contribution made by him was in the field of geology and mineralogy. Goldschmidt went into geochemistry after the death of raw material in World War 1. The general studies that he carried out marked the beginning of modern geochemistry. His work, Geochemical Laws of the Distribution of the Elements, volume 8 in 1923-38, laid the foundation of inorganic crystal chemistry. (Biography.com) According to Goldschmidt, "The primary purpose of geochemistry is on the one hand to determine quantitatively the composition of the earth and its parts, and on the other to discover the laws which control the distribution of the individual elements."(Bob Weintraub) His doctorate thesis, 'Die hpontaktmetamorphose im Kristianiagebiet' and 'Geologisch-petro-graphische Studien im Hochgebirge des siidlichen Norwegens,' are known as his first two major works. The first publications for geochemistry were 'Geo-chemische Verteilungsgesetze der Elemente.' These were a series of publications under this title. In 1921, he was able to show an electrical balance between the positive and negative ions using an X-ray crystallography. These ions are the most important factor in crystal structure. Goldschmidt's work on the cosmic abundance of the elements and the links between isotopic stability and abundance was led by the analysis of geochemistry, astrophysics and nuclear physics. In 1935, Goldschmidt moved to Norway because of the rise of Nazism. When World War II started Goldschmidt had to move again. He went to Sweden first and then Britain. In Britain he worked in the field of soil science and once the war ended he returned back to Norway. At the time of the war, Goldschmidt always carried a cyanide capsule with him just in case he was caught. According to Goldschmidt cyanide was for chemists, while rope was for mechanical engineers. (Msn Encarta) Goldschmidt got a doctoral fellowship at the age of 21 from the University and a Norwegian doctor's degree when he was 23 years old. There have not been many people who have done this. He did not even have to take the usual exams or degrees to achieve these levels. The Norwegian doctor's degree is usually received after the age of 30 and some people have received it after the age of 50. Thus, it was a big achievement. Goldschmidt won the noblest scientific award 'Fridtjof Nansens belonning,' in 1912, for his work 'Die Kontaktmetamorphose im Kristiania-gebiet.' When he applied for a Professorship in Stockholm, the University was able to give him the same position. This was a special case because the Norwegian University does not offer a position until two years have passed since the appointment. Goldschmidt identified the main difference between geochemical elements of geological evolution. He out them into four groups: 'siderophile, chalcophile, lithophile, and atmophile'. He also identified the fact that the earth and the meteorites have a common origin. He developed the Mineralogical Phase Rule;

Gimme an A (I Insist) by Abigail Sullivan Moore Article

Gimme an A (I Insist) by Abigail Sullivan Moore - Article Example In order to study the extent of it a survey was conducted in about 400 colleges and universities, interviewing the students and the outcome is the feeling that Something is amiss†. It was seen that those who received A were about fifty percent, about 18% high since 1968. It is the outcome of heavy pressures put on the teachers by pupils and parents. They have only one desire, and that is to get admission in the reputed colleges. This is an alarming situation because no one is aware of what is at stake. They seem to be ignorant of future challenges. Apart from the pressures, being put by the students and parents, on the teachers for getting a higher grade, the students also resort to other ways of presenting themselves as good. Cheating has become common. The availability of information and knowledge through the internet has been tempting students to download them easily and submit them to the teachers as their own work. Then the habit of outsourcing the assignments are on the rise. It has been noticed, says Sullivan, that while the senior’s grade climbed the SAT score remains unchanged. This trend, he found, started increasing since the 199s. The reasons for this could be the rise in the people from the middle-income group becoming aware of the â€Å"hard-to-get† colleges. They try to send their wards to such reputed places. Also, their â€Å"discretionary income† enables them to pay more. He quotes the board’s vice president, Wayne J. Camara, who said that ‘‘Everyone cant get As†. The author believes that the days of the grading system is over. Learning is going to be high and constant. Grades or no grades, the students constantly make advancement in their knowledge.  

Learning importance and a example of essay in learning Essay Example for Free

Learning importance and a example of essay in learning Essay Learning is a major part of life. People tend to learn in every steps of their life. Learning does not necessarily involve complex terms, it can also be primitive things that keeps happening in day to day life of an individual. Everybody has different interest, likewise they have a different pattern of learning things. Some people learn faster through visual medium, some through audio, and some just writing down the things depending upon what the subject matter is. I believe that learning process does not start when one settles in a formal environment but it start right from the birth of an individual. Walking, talking, decision making etc. are some examples including every other primary things are the result of learning. Every time anyone has to acquire a new skills, they need to be focused and scrutinize the subject matter thoroughly, that is how learning happens. Learning affects the confidence of a person as well. If someone learn things quickly than they have higher confidence in doing things and learning new things as well. After going through the video couple of times I realized that one who puts hard work and devotion in learning new things can automatically adapt into the ways the things are done and will become successful. I myself am very much interested in music and vaguely inspired by the beauty of it. I think music can be the most influential thing in an individual life. Music can make a person relax after a hard day at work, cure the illness, provides maximum level of comfort to an individual. Being so much influenced on music I have managed to learn a very few instruments and it always gives me pleasure and comfort when I am playing them. But I do not want to stop here. I want to learn more about music. I want to be able to read the music and understand every keys and notation in it. I want to be a musician like David Gilmour from the greatest band ever, â€Å"Pink Floyd,† who is able to play any string musical instrument that exists in planet today. I am currently doing my major in Business with Information Technology however in order to fulfill my ambition in music I have also planned to take music as my minor subject and later on carry it as my profession along with my  Business major degree. It is very much important to me because of my vague interest in it, but mostly it makes me very happy. Finally, I am profoundly inspired from the video that I just watched and it helped me to boost up my morale. I do have much respect for the people attempting to make things happen and these people are just one of those few who dare to take the challenges and do something that makes difference to others.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), also known as Corporate Responsibility, and Corporate Citizenship :: Corporate Responsibility

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), also known as Corporate Responsibility, and Corporate Citizenship Because society is fundamentally based upon performance and profit, it is necessary to impart a sense of corporate social responsibility with regard to modern commerce. The ethical approaches of purpose, principle and consequence are integral components of business social performance; itemizing these contributions involves incorporating the interests of ethics and morality within the corporate structure. These are essential concepts that are often absent from a managerial standpoint. Corporate social responsibility should exist within every company's infrastructure; however, social integrity is not something that is often at the forefront of modern day business dealings. Ethics, business and society must work in tandem or there is no purpose for any of its existence. Unethical practices are what create a climate of contempt and distrust, leading to consumers harboring ill will. This is no way to run a business Ethics are a necessary and critical ingredient in any successful enterprise1. Establishing such ethical fortitude is not difficult if a moral and conscientious outlook is maintaned . Ethical concerns run rampant among various entities, posing questions along the way as to whether a particular practice is deemed morally acceptable. Ethics sometimes get in the way of resolving questions like: What is the ethical concern? Am I being true to myself? Why is this bothering me? Is it my problem? What do others think? Who else matters? 2 Establishing reasonable ethical guidelines, and therefore appropriate corporate social responsibility, must come from a management perspective. This the primary location where policy is derived. Utilizing the insightful perspectives of Beauchamp et al (1996), which include purpose, principle and consequence, there exist myriad ethical considerations in the daily world of business, with each one presenting yet another moral dilemma: Should the decision be made for company or personal gain? How many will reap the benefit of individualized attention at the expense of all others? Is there a time when an individual's interests supercede those of the masses? These are ethical questions posed each and everyday throughout the global business and social worlds; whether or not the right answers are acted upon is another matter entirely. "Ethical problems of personal and public decision making are not new. The need to undertake ethical reflection is part--indeed a central part--of what it means to be human" (Mitcham, 1996, p. 314). Ethical decision-making goes hand in hand with sound business judgment, yet this is not a concept always followed. The very purpose behind ethical behavior has some people stumped as to its true intention; while some believe it instills the foundation of good business, others contend that it brings out nothing

Fast Food Nation Essay

In his essay, â€Å"Fast Food Nation† Eric Schlosser condemns the impact of fast food on human health and American economy. Schlosser detests the fast food chain because it causes thousands of independent business to come to an end. As a result, unemployment plays a major role among these small scale businessmen. In addition it creates social differences among the people due to food market being captured by fast food chain. In order to attain a monopoly and dominate the fast food industry, they employ low paid and unskilled work force which is a threat to the public and migrant farm workers. Every citizen has the right to know the ingredients being used in the food so they can avoid the deleterious effects of the fast food on their health. His assertion, â€Å"introduction of deadly pathogens† states the risk encountered by small children who are the future generation of the modern world ( 392). Addition of harmful chemicals to increase the taste and aroma of food leads to chronic diseases like cancer, stroke and heart diseases. Furthermore Schlosser’s fear about the fast food being a social problem and turning out to be a threat to the American economy is the pinnacle of this essay. Small scale farms and full-time farmers are in the risk of losing their livelihood with the emergence of the fast food industry. He also points out the inability of the Government to eliminate the lethal meat which paves its way into the fast food industry and pose health problems. Then he moves onto the consumers and asserts that, â€Å"Even the anticipation of consumer anger has prompted McDonald’s to demand changes from its suppliers,† – this reveals that the consumers should be provoked and created an awareness about the ins and outs of the food they are eating (396). The insight of the author about the fast food industry builds up in a gradual process and finally reiterates the need for the public to take immediate action and cease the use of fast food as their regular food and search for other healthy options like simple and healthy cooking which would help them retain a hale and a healthy life. Saying no to the fast food makes the fast food industry to rethink their formula of safe food and saves our precious life as well as the future generation. Let’s think about it.

Examine how soaps attract their target audience Essay

The reason I am writing this essay is because I am going to identify the difference between two soaps, one is Australian and the other is English. The Australian soap is called â€Å"Neighbours† and the English soap is â€Å"Coronation Street†. We are looking at these two soaps because we are seeing how successful each soap is at attracting its target audience. The first soap I will write about will be â€Å"Coronation Street† this soap is the English soap out of the two, so it is set in England at a town called Wetherfield, just outside of Manchester. In real life Wetherfield is a town down south. The set of â€Å"Coronation Street† has an old pebble street, with old terrace housing. There are many meeting places within the soap which are Peoples houses, but in the specific episode I am talking about the house that it is set in are Janise’s house. The houses that it makes the street typically English are old Victorian houses which are Terrance houses. The other meting places within the soap are Rovers Inn, the cafi and Roy’s Rolls. On the episode I watched the climate was very cold and cloudy. The main characters which appear on the soap â€Å"Coronation Street† are Janice and Les who are married but are getting a divorce. Dev and Gina are another two big characters in the episode I am writing about. They are getting married, in the episode we only see them on there hen and stag night. The other characters which don’t play much of a part in the episode I am talking are Deidre, Ken, Curly, Terry and Maxine. There are 10 storyline going on in â€Å"Coronation street†, I will tell you some of them. Deidre had a one night stand with Dev, but now Dev is getting married to Gina, so Deidre is upset. A surprise party is being organized of the happy couples getting married, which are Dev and Dina. Curly and his partner had a baby. Janice’s boyfriend Dennis died in a car accident. Last but not least Maxine is pregnant. The way the storylines are set out in the episodes is that the skip to one storyline at a time so it would be like a cycle e. g. 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4. I think the best characters in â€Å"Coronation Street† are Dev and Dina, because they really do look like they are in love, as I don not normally watch this soap I could tell straight away that they were in love. Since I don’t have background information on the soap I can’t tell if Dev and Dina are together in real life or not, but if they are not they are really good actors. The best storyline in â€Å"Coronation Street† has to be the â€Å"party† that the street was organizing for the married couple to be, and how Deidre looks all upset and depressed. The way that the producer makes the soap â€Å"Coronation Street† typically English is the English accent is brought into the soap, many pubs in the street which England has take fleet for example we must have roughly about 10 pubs where I live. The way the characters use the typically English phrase â€Å"do you want a cup of tea? † which this phrase is often heard in the English language. Also earlier in the essay I mentioned that there were coble streets and Terrance houses. The target audience the soap â€Å"Coronation Street† is aimed at is mainly older people and their family and middle aged women. The theme tune makes you feel really old. The reason I said family was because â€Å"Coronation Street† is put on in prime time when all the family gets together. An middle aged women can convert to there life through an soap like â€Å"Coronation Street† there is also another reason an middle age women might watch â€Å"Coronation Street† this reason would be that there are many female characters in the soap. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. One of the characters in â€Å"Coronation Street† is a certain race to this will encourage other races to watch the soap. Another character in the soap has they same affect on the audience and that is Roy because he owns his own company other people who think that they can’t relate to â€Å"Coronation Street† they watch how is business is going. I know this because my Uncle Robert does the same thing. The storyline with Janice and lose of her boyfriend is another eye catcher for the audience as many people can relate to it as they might have lost there boyfriend through death or just breakup. The other storyline with attracts the audiences attention is Maxine and her that she is carrying even tough the baby isn’t her boyfriends she will have to face the truth one day, another case of the same story is in â€Å"Eastenders† where Lisa has had Phil’s baby. The location of the soap â€Å"Neighbours† is set in Australia. Also in â€Å"Coronation Street† the soap â€Å"Neighbours† also has many meeting points which are people’s houses but in the episode i watched it was just â€Å"Lou’s place†. The other meting places were Good Hair Day Salon, the Dina, outside Karl’s warehouse and the school. The Climate unlike â€Å"Coronation Street† was sunny hot with a lovely clear sky. Some of the main characters which appear in the soap, are Karl and Susan who are married and have two kids called Stephanie and †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Lou and Louise are other two main Characters in the soap and Lou is the Father of Louise. Sandy and John are married. And there are many other characters who are Libby, Drew, Paul, Felicity, Joe, Todd, Toady, Maggie, Emily, Evan, Lyn, Harold, Leo, Matt, Dee, Tess, Michelle, Joel and Sandy. There are only 5 compared to â€Å"Coronation Street† in which there are 10. In â€Å"Neighbours† Lou is losing Louise his daughter because he lost the Hearing. Stephanie has got a job interview, which she doesn’t get because her Mum and sister give her a makeover, in which the Interviewer did not like as Stephanie would be working with men. Stephanie also runs into an old mate who she new through Woody, as woody and him shared the same room in hospital. Leo’s dad recons that Leo is being bullied, so he takes action. As Leo confronts his dad to say that he wasn’t bullied but didn’t give certain people their essays that they paid for. Karl is receiving a delivery in which he hasn’t the slightest clue what the deliver contains. I think the best character in â€Å"Neighbours† is Lou as he has such a hard part to play, losing his Louise is a very heart breaking experience, which also brings Lou thinking how much one Human being means to him. I also recon the best storyline has to be Lou losing Louise, I does make you want to cry, it also brings the audiences emotions into the picture. The soap â€Å"Neighbours† is typically Australian because of the climate which I mentioned earlier on in the essay. The registration number on the car is Australian. At the beginning of the soap while the theme tune is playing the characters are all around a pool and are having a BBQ in which the Australians are famous for. The Target audience for â€Å"Neighbours† is completely different from the audience that â€Å"Coronation Street† is aiming for. The producer of â€Å"Neighbours† is aiming for a much younger audience than â€Å"Coronation Street†. The storyline where Lou loses Louise attracts too different ages of the audience, the younger and the older, because some kids could refer to Louise’s situation, and some adults can refer to Lou’s situation on letting Louise go. Early twenties are aimed at as well as Stephanie goes for a job interview in which she doesn’t get. Leo brings younger people to the audience as he is in high school, and Karl brings business people to the audience as he owns his own business in the soap the same as Roy in â€Å"Coronation Street†. My conclusion on the soaps â€Å"Coronation Street† and â€Å"Neighbours† is that â€Å"Neighbours† attracted the audience it was aiming for much better that â€Å"Coronation Street† as in â€Å"Neighbours† they brought the story of Lou and Louise. In â€Å"Coronation Street† there was much to relate to in my age group. As I have mentioned before Lou’s story brings everyone’s emotions together. As I do not normally watch these soaps I don’t see if â€Å"Coronation Street† relates to me or not.

Definition and Examples of Autobiography

Definition and Examples of Autobiography An autobiography is an account of a persons life written or otherwise recorded by that person. Adjective: autobiographical. Many scholars regard the Confessions (c. 398) by Augustine of Hippo (354–430) as the first autobiography. The term fictional autobiography (or pseudoautobiography) refers to novels that employ first-person narrators who recount the events of their lives as if they actually happened. Well-known examples include David Copperfield (1850) by Charles Dickens and Salingers  The Catcher in the Rye (1951). Some critics believe that all autobiographies are in some ways fictional. Patricia Meyer Spacks has observed that people do make themselves up. . . . To read  an autobiography is  to encounter a self as an imaginative being ( The Female Imagination, 1975). For the distinction between a memoir and an autobiographical composition, see memoir  as well as the examples and observations below.   Etymology From the Greek, self life write Examples of Autobiographical Prose Imitating the Style of the Spectator, by Benjamin FranklinLangston Hughes on HarlemOn the Street, by Emma GoldmanRitual in Maya Angelous Caged BirdThe Turbid Ebb and Flow of Misery, by Margaret SangerTwo Ways of Seeing a River, by Mark Twain Examples and Observations of Autobiographical Compositions An autobiography is an obituary in serial form with the last installment missing.(Quentin Crisp, The Naked Civil Servant, 1968)Putting a life into words rescues it from confusion even when the words declare the omnipresence of confusion, since the art of declaring implies dominance.(Patricia Meyer Spacks, Imagining a Self: Autobiography and Novel in Eighteenth-Century England. Harvard University Press, 1976)The Opening Lines of Zora Neale Hurstons Autobiography- Like the dead-seeming, cold rocks, I have memories within that came out of the material that went to make me. Time and place have had their say.So you will have to know something about the time and place where I came from, in order that you may interpret the incidents and directions of my life.I was born in a Negro town. I do not mean by that the black back-side of an average town. Eatonville, Florida, is, and was at the time of my birth, a pure Negro towncharter, mayor, council, town marshal and all. It was not the first Neg ro community in America, but it was the first to be incorporated, the first attempt at organized self-government on the part of Negroes in America.Eatonville is what you might call hitting a straight lick with a crooked stick. The town was not in the original plan. It is a by-product of something else. . . .(Zora Neale Hurston, Dust Tracks on a Road. J.B. Lippincott, 1942)- There is a saying in the Black community that advises: If a person asks you where youre going, you tell him where youve been. That way you neither lie nor reveal your secrets. Hurston had called herself the Queen of the Niggerati. She also said, I like myself when Im laughing. Dust Tracks on a Road is written with royal humor and an imperious creativity. But then all creativity is imperious, and Zora Neale Hurston was certainly creative.(Maya Angelou, Foreword to Dust Tracks on a Road, rpt. HarperCollins, 1996) Autobiography and TruthAll autobiographies are lies. I do not mean unconscious, unintentional lies; I mean deliberate lies. No man is bad enough to tell the truth about himself during his lifetime, involving, as it must, the truth about his family and friends and colleagues. And no man is good enough to tell the truth in a document which he suppresses until there is nobody left alive to contradict him.(George Bernard Shaw, Sixteen Self Sketches, 1898)Autobiography is an unrivaled vehicle for telling the truth about other people.(attributed to Thomas Carlyle, Philip Guedalla, and others)Autobiography and Memoir- An autobiography is the story of a life: the name implies that the writer will somehow attempt to capture all the essential elements of that life. A writers autobiography, for example, is not expected to deal merely with the authors growth and career as a writer but also with the facts and emotions connected to family life, education, relationships, sexuality, travels, and inn er struggles of all kinds. An autobiography is sometimes limited by dates (as in Under My Skin: Volume One of My Autobiography to 1949 by Doris Lessing), but not obviously by theme.Memoir, on the other hand, is a story from a life. It makes no pretense of replicating a whole life.(Judith Barrington, Writing the Memoir: From Truth to Art. Eighth Mountain Press, 2002)- Unlike autobiography, which moves in a dutiful line from birth to fame, memoir narrows the lens, focusing on a time in the writers life that was unusually vivid, such as childhood or adolescence, or that was framed by war or travel or public service or some other special circumstance.(William Zinsser, Introduction, Inventing the Truth: The Art and Craft of Memoir. Mariner Books, 1998) An Epidemical Rage for Auto-Biography[I]f the populace of writers become thus querulous after fame (to which they have no pretensions) we shall expect to see an epidemical rage for auto-biography break out, more wide in its influence and more pernicious in its tendency than the strange madness of the Abderites, so accurately described by Lucian. London, like Abdera, will be peopled solely by men of genius; and as the frosty season, the grand specific for such evils, is over, we tremble for the consequences. Symptoms of this dreadful malady (though somewhat less violent) have appeared amongst us before . . ..(Isaac DIsraeli, Review of The Memoirs of Percival Stockdale, 1809)|The Lighter Side of Autobiography- The Confessions of St. Augustine are the first autobiography, and they have this to distinguish them from all other autobiographies, that they are addressed directly to God.(Arthur Symons, Figures of Several Centuries, 1916)- I write fiction and Im told its autobiography, I write autobiography and Im told its fiction, so since Im so dim and theyre so smart, let them decide what it is or isnt.(Philip Roth, Deception, 1990)- Im writing an unauthorized autobiography.(Steven Wright) Pronunciation: o-toe-bi-OG-ra-fee

(Pe) Physical Education (Essay, Sac) Training Diary

I designed a training program that i carried out over a 6 week period which aimed at strengthening my upper body and core. I exercised for 60 minutes each day and after ever workout i collected the data and recorded it in a diary which described the exact exercise, number of sets, reps and duration. Before the training program i did a series of post tests which involved a 7 stage ab tests, 1RM bench press and a 1 minute push up test. For the ab test i got to stage 5 which meant i could do 1 sit up and touch my elbows to my knees, with the bench press i could lift a max of 92. kg and with push ups i could do 40 in a minute. After i had finished my program i once again conducted a series of post tests to see how much i had improved. With my ab test i got to stage 6 which meant I could do the same but with a 2. 5kg weight held behind my head, with the bench press i got to 100kgs which is an increase of 7. 5kg and my push up test i got to 47 in a minute. I found that my greatest weekness came from my natural weight tests, with my push ups and sit ups. I belive these were more difficult due to my large weight as i weighted in at 105kg. But after i had finished my program i had put on 3kg due to an increase of muscle mass and a loss of fat. The reason i choose these tests was because they were specific to the exercises i was about to undertake for example with a push up it focuses on the core and all upper body muscles. Before each work out i did a series of proprioceptive neuromuscular facioitation stretches which i held for 6 seconds each stretch and after each workout i did a series of static stretches to help prevent the risk of injury. When i started doing my exercises the energy systems that i used changed between the anaerobic and aerobic energy systems. As i did exercises that invloved 10 reps, fast twitch fibres and a duration of less than 15 seconds i worked anaerobically but when i did my core intival training my body used interplay. As i started out my body was working anaerobically but as my heart rate rose to over 80% max heart rate and the workout went for longer than 2 minutes my body started working aerobically and used slow twitch fibre as well as when my exercise intensified to around 85% max HR the onset of hydrogen ions accumalated in certain muscles due to the inabillity to continue my workout and muscle pump in the active areas. After a couple of weeks of training aerobicaly my muscles got trained to be able to pospone the high accumalation of h+. The reason i choose the exercises i did was because each demonstrated a differnt muscular contraction or a mixture of each. flys, planks, sit-ups and push ups used isometric contractions, biceap curls, bench/chest and shoulder presses used concentric contractions and with pull downs and shoulder pull ups used eccentric contractions. All exercises were specific to the muscular area i was trying to improve, each day i worked on one part of the body for example on a Monday i would focus just on my chest and on a wendsday i would work on my biceps. The reason i choose to do my program like that was because it was easier to remember what area to work on and gave each muscle grouple a huge workout instead of doing 5 different areas each day. With reference to my diary each workout showed progresive overload either with an increase in weigth or frequency and after a day or two i explained how my body showed the signs of delayed onset muscular soreness due to the overload. The only issue i ran into with my workout was that some days i wouldnt have a spotter which made my workouts quiet difficult. After i had finished my six week trainig program my muscular strength had increased dramatically with my biceap strength increased 7. 5kg, chest strength increased 7. kg, core strenght increased 2. 5kg and i was able to dely the onset of hydrogen ions from 25 reps to 35+ reps, etc. The whole process was more than enjoyable. I learnt many different exercises from other experience weight lifters and many pointers to help improve my skills. The program has helped me outside of weight lifting, such as being able to pass and throw further while playing basketball. I might of improved my program by working with a friend to make the work out more enjoyable and to help assist me in lifting.

Football Attendance Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Football Attendance - Research Proposal Example When it comes to data analysis, the casual design of the research will begin with checking for the accuracy of the obtained primary data from interviews before it can be fed into the computer. The data will then be inferred to describing the important points that where obtained from the interviews to achieve the objectives and the aim of the research. Ethical issues will be emphasised in the researched through referencing of sources of information in the bibliography. The term foot ball is applied differently all over the world in terms of the sport, for example in the US it refers to the sport that involves running and kicking the ball in a competition between two teams in their attempt to score a goal. However, to its generality in the UK and other English speaking nations, foot ball also known as soccer is a sport like any other that involves manoeuvring a ball with ones foot with the aim of making goal. The game is characterised by two competing teams that comprises of eleven players. The players are usually males but with the course of time, it has seen females engage into the game. The players are restricted to a field of play where certain rules that govern the game are employed through its monitoring by a referee. The game usually lasts for ninety minutes with a half time break of fifteen minutes. However, in some instances the game can go beyond ninety minutes in what is referred to as extra time and this is usually influenced by time th at is wasted due to injuries or substitutions during the course of the match that prompts the referee to halt the game for a while. This causes the referee to compensate the wasted time by extending the length of time of the game. Foot ball's origin dates back to the times of the Ancient Greeks and Romans in medieval Europe who are considered to be the inventors of this game that has seen its popularization because of the large numbers of fanatics all over the world. This game was initially associated with peasants of the time who played it as a form of leisure. It was not governed by any rules or guidelines. Many people would engage in the game at the same time making it be referred to at one time as mob football. The game would be played by teams of people against other towns which would see a chaotic game that resembled a struggle. At the time there where no goal scoring posts and would be characterized by an attempt by the players to move the ball to a certain geographical location of their opponents. The game further developed in other regions as indigenous people adopted different versions of the game such as playing it on ice or other surfaces or introducing tools that they would use